Designing Leaf-and-Spine Fabric
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Designing Leaf-and-Spine Fabric
In this module you'll learn how to design stable and scalable leaf-and-spine fabrics, regardless of whether they have to provide layer-2 or layer-3 transport.
Leaf-and-Spine Fabric Designs |
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2:39:15 Free items Layer-3 Fabrics with Non-Redundant Server Connectivity |
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We're starting the design part of the webinar with the simplest possible scenario – each leaf switch is a single IP subnet – and focus on routing protocol selection, route summarization, leaf-to-spine link aggregation, and core link addressing. The second half of this section describes detailed guidelines on using BGP and OSPF as the underlay routing protocols in a leaf-and-spine fabric. |
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44:27 Overview and Design Principles |
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Introduction to Leaf-and-Spine Designs | 4:39 | 2017-02-10 |
Layer-3 Fabric with Non-Redundant Server Connectivity | 6:52 | 2017-02-10 |
Routing Protocol Selection | 19:50 | 2017-02-10 |
Route Summarization and Link Aggregation | 6:40 | 2017-02-10 |
Core Link Addressing | 6:26 | 2017-02-10 |
Slide deck | 1.4M | 2016-03-25 |
1:04:14 Using BGP in Leaf-and-Spine Fabrics |
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Based on the work done by Petr Lapukhov at Microsoft, every vendor talks about using BGP as the routing protocol in leaf-and-spine fabrics. Does it make sense? You'll find some of the answers in this section presented by Dinesh Dutt (Cumulus Networks). |
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Using BGP in Leaf-and-Spine Fabrics | 10:19 | 2017-02-10 |
Simplifying BGP Configurations | 19:30 | 2017-02-10 |
Troubleshooting and Managing BGP | 8:19 | 2017-02-10 |
BGP in Data Centers - Sample Deployments | 3:15 | 2017-02-10 |
BGP in 3-tier Clos | 8:45 | 2021-04-03 |
BGP QA | 14:06 | 2021-04-03 |
Slide Deck: Operationalizing BGP in the Data Center | 1.9M | 2016-03-04 |
Slide Deck: BGP in 3-Tier Clos Topology | 890K | 2021-03-13 |
50:34 Using OSPF in Leaf-and-Spine Fabrics |
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While everyone talks about using BGP or yet-to-be-implemented routing protocols in leaf-and-spine fabrics, OSPFv2 works just fine in some of the biggest fabrics in the world. This section describes some of the design guidelines you should use when deploying OSPF as a fabric IGP. |
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Why Would You Use OSPF | 16:01 | 2021-04-03 |
OSPF Design | 20:02 | 2021-04-03 |
Configuration Snippets | 10:04 | 2021-04-03 |
OSPF Footnotes | 4:27 | 2021-04-03 |
OSPF in Clos Topology | 1.2M | 2021-03-13 |
Test your knowledge |
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Review Questions | 202K | 2017-11-06 |
1:06:44 Layer-3 Fabrics with Redundant Server Connectivity |
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After establishing the baseline in the Layer-3 fabrics with non-redundant server connectivity section we'll add complexity at the fabric edge: redundantly connected servers. |
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Layer-3 Fabrics with Redundant Server Connectivity | 18:54 | 2016-12-13 |
Link Aggregation between Servers and Network | 5:26 | 2016-12-13 |
Active-Standby Server Connectivity | 8:18 | 2016-12-13 |
Slide deck | 1.7M | 2018-01-17 |
34:06 From the ipSpace.net Design Clinic |
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Multi-Homed Servers | 34:06 | 2022-01-18 |
Test your knowledge |
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Review Questions | 165K | 2017-12-31 |
1:50:15 Free items Layer-3-Only Data Centers |
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Is it possible to build a pure layer-3 data center fabric that supports redundant server connectivity and IP address mobility? You'll find out in this section. |
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6:53 Design Guidelines |
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Host Routing | 6:53 | 2016-12-13 |
Slide deck | 1.3M | 2016-03-25 |
24:22 Building a Pure L3 Data Center with Cumulus Linux |
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Building a Pure L3 Data Center with Cumulus Linux | 24:22 | 2016-12-13 |
Slide deck | 949K | 2016-03-29 |
Test your knowledge |
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Review Questions | 157K | 2018-01-17 |
1:19:00 More to explore |
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Layer-3-only Data Center Networks with Cumulus Linux on Software Gone Wild | ||
Enterasys Robust Data Center Interconnect Solutions | 1:19:00 | |
This webinar sponsored by Enterasys Networks describes a robust
hybrid layer-2/layer-3 data center interconnect (DCI) solutions
using Enterasys Fabric Routing and Host Routing technologies.
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36:40 Free items Routing on Servers |
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Another approach to building a pure layer-3 fabric is to extend the fabric routing protocol into the servers and announce servers' loopback IP addresses using BGP. |
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Runinng Routing Protocols on Servers | 10:55 | 2016-12-13 |
Routing from Hosts - Deep Dive | 10:24 | 2016-12-13 |
Examples from Real World | 8:08 | 2016-12-13 |
7:13 From the ipSpace.net Design Clinic |
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VXLAN and EVPN on Linux Hosts | 7:13 | 2022-01-18 |
Test your knowledge |
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Review Questions | 153K | 2017-12-31 |
1:53:15 Free items Layer-2 Fabrics |
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We're leaving the stable world of L3-only fabrics and entering the realm of large VLANs that most enterprise data centers have to deal with. We'll cover numerous design scenarios, from traditional bridging to routing on layer 2 and MAC-over-IP encapsulation. |
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1:00:15 Design Guidelines |
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Layer-2 Fabrics | 14:49 | 2017-03-22 |
Traditional Bridging | 10:05 | 2017-03-22 |
Routing on Layer-2 | 13:12 | 2017-03-22 |
MAC-over-IP Encapsulation | 13:25 | 2017-03-22 |
Redundant Server-to-Network Connectivity | 8:44 | 2017-03-22 |
Slide deck | 1.8M | 2016-04-01 |
53:00 Shortest Path Bridging in Avaya Fabric |
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Avaya is one of the few data center switching vendors that still uses routing on layer 2 (SPB) technology instead of VXLAN encapsulation. In this guest presentation Roger Lapuh (Avaya) explains how SPB works and how you can use it to build layer-2 or layer-2+3 data center fabrics. |
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Introduction to SPB and Avaya Fabric Connect | 18:25 | 2017-03-22 |
SPB Deep Dive | 18:17 | 2017-03-22 |
Building Data Center Fabrics with SPB | 16:18 | 2017-03-22 |
Slide deck | 2.1M | 2016-04-06 |
Test your knowledge |
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Review Questions | 179K | 2017-12-31 |
1:53:31 Free items Mixed Layer-2 + Layer-3 Fabrics |
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Most data center fabrics have to combine elements of large VLANs and routing. In this section we'll explore the various combinations, from traditional routing on spine switches to anycast routing on leaf switches. |
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31:05 Design Guidelines |
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Layer-2+3 Fabrics | 6:45 | 2017-04-05 |
Routing on Spine Switches | 9:04 | 2017-04-05 |
Routing on Leaf Switches | 15:16 | 2017-04-05 |
Slide deck | 1.4M | 2016-04-20 |
1:18:52 VXLAN with BGP EVPN on Cisco Nexus OS |
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Major data center switching vendors use VXLAN to build large layer-2 domains across IP fabrics, and EVPN control plane to build flooding trees and exchange MAC address reachability information. In this section Lukas Krattiger (guest speaker from Cisco Systems) explains how VXLAN transport and EVPN control plane work on Nexus switches. |
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Overlays in Data Center Fabrics | 15:07 | 2017-04-05 |
Overview of VXLAN with BGP EVPN | 15:59 | 2017-04-05 |
Introduction to BGP EVPN | 15:29 | 2017-04-05 |
BGP EVPN Deep Dive | 15:39 | 2017-04-05 |
EVPN Integrated Routing and Bridging | 16:38 | 2017-04-05 |
Slide deck | 12M | 2016-04-21 |
3:34 From the ipSpace.net Design Clinic |
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VXLAN and EVPN in Small Data Center | 3:34 | 2022-04-02 |
Test your knowledge |
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Review Questions | 169K | 2017-12-31 |
19:31 QoS and Load Balancing in Leaf-and-Spine Fabrics |
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Do you need QoS in data center fabrics? How do you handle load balancing between elephant and mice flows? This section describes some of the answers. |
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The following video was recorded in the Autumn 2016 Q&A session of the Building Next-Generation Data Center online course |
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QoS and Load Balancing in Leaf-and-Spine Fabrics | 19:31 | 2017-11-06 |
Design Assignment: Build a Robust Layer-2 Fabric |
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In this assignment you'll design a layer-2 fabric required to support a traditional enterprise data center with VLAN-based virtual networks. |
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Design Assignment: Design a Robust Layer-2 Fabric | 236K | 2017-12-30 |
Submit your solution | ||
Advanced Topics |
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1:44:36 Leaf-and-Spine Fabrics: Q&A and Whiteboarding Discussions |
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During the networking Q&A session we discussed interesting aspects of stretched leaf-and-spine fabrics, QoS in data center fabrics, and the concepts of pods and superspines. |
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Networking Discussions | 486K | 2016-09-21 |
Leaf-Spine Fabrics | 74:23 | 2016-09-22 |
QoS on Core Fabric Links | 16:38 | 2017-04-21 |
Pods and Superspines | 13:35 | 2016-11-16 |
1:06:50 Large-Scale Open Data Center Fabrics |
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In this section you'll learn how to build very large data center fabrics. The section covers:
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Large Data Center Fabric Challenges | 16:54 | 2017-11-20 |
Pod Architecture and Basic Access Topologies | 6:39 | 2017-11-20 |
Single-SKU Data Center Networks | 9:44 | 2017-11-20 |
Hardware Challenges | 14:48 | 2017-11-20 |
Building Large Leaf-and-Spine Fabrics | 18:45 | 2017-11-20 |
Additional resources |
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Slide deck | 4.5M | 2017-05-23 |
Test your knowledge |
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Review Questions | 170K | 2017-12-30 |
56:19 Data Center Fabric Architectures |
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As you analyze the vendor solutions, it quickly becomes obvious that every single one of them uses one of few typical control/management plane architectures, from completely decentralized model (sometimes heavily automated) to centralized control- or even data plane. This section describes most of the architectures you might encounter in real life and documents their benefits and drawbacks. |
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Fabric Architectures - Introduction | 15:08 | 2016-06-22 |
Independent Devices | 4:42 | 2016-06-22 |
Shared Management Plane | 7:49 | 2016-06-22 |
Centralized Control Plane | 13:13 | 2016-06-22 |
Centralized Control Plane with Local Offload | 6:37 | 2016-06-22 |
Centralized Data Plane | 6:17 | 2016-06-22 |
Conclusions | 2:33 | 2016-06-22 |
Slide Deck |
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Data Center Fabrics - Architectures | 2.3M | 2016-05-30 |
Test your knowledge |
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Review Questions | 198K | 2017-12-30 |
1:11:40 Free items Fabrics, Buffers and Drops |
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Buffering is a confusing and sometimes controversial topic when it comes to data center fabrics. In this short section JR Rivers discusses some of the related theory and practicalities as well as gives insight into tools that are available to networking specialists. |
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52:20 Switch Buffering Deep Dive |
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Switch Buffer Architectures | 28:54 | 2017-09-16 |
Small Buffer or Big Buffer Switches | 5:36 | 2017-09-16 |
Tools and Knobs | 17:50 | 2017-09-16 |
19:20 Questions and Answers |
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Questions and Answers | 19:20 | 2017-09-16 |
Reference material |
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Slide deck | 2.5M | 2016-11-09 |
Test your knowledge |
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Review Questions | 192K | 2017-12-30 |
Optional Self-Study and Reference Materials |
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Whiteboarding and Q&A from Live Sessions |
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This section contains recordings of live Q&A and whiteboarding sessions from courses run in 2016 - 2018. In these sessions we covered a wide range of topics, from pods and superspines to RIFT, OpenFabric and Segment Routing. |
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Overlay virtual networking, leaf-and-spine fabrics, pods and superspines (2016) | ||
Infrastructure complexity, QoS, Contrail, NSX, ACI (2017) | ||
OpenFabric, RIFT, Traffic Engineering and Segment Routing in data centers (2018) | ||
11:49:00 EVPN Technical Deep Dive |
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This webinar will help you grasp the EVPN fundamentals, potential use cases, and its benefits and drawbacks. The deep dive part of the webinar discussed technical details that will enable you to deploy and troubleshoot EVPN in multi-vendor environments. |
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Reference: Data Center Fabric solutions |
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You'll find the information on switch models and vendor-specific software functionality you might need to complete the design assignment in the reference section of the previous module. |
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Relevant ipSpace.net Webinars |
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All webinars in this section are included with your online course. Some of them are part of the core course content, others are included as reference material. |
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Data Center Fabric Architectures | 20:27:00 | |
The webinar describes the data center networking requirements and various approaches to data center fabric networks. It includes an in-depth analysis of fabric architectures used by major data center networking vendors, and compares their scalability and ease-of-use. |
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Leaf-and-Spine Fabric Architectures | 13:07:00 | |
The Leaf-and-Spine Fabric Architectures webinar describes the leaf-and-spine (Clos fabric) concepts, architecture, and single- and multistage designs that can be used to build large layer-2 or layer-3 all-point-equidistant Data Center networks. |
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Data Center Infrastructure for Networking Engineers | 10:40:00 | |
A broad overview of modern data center architectures and technologies covering server and LAN virtualization, LAN reference architectures and emerging fabric architectures, storage area networks and basics of data center interconnects. |
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Open Networking for Large-Scale Networks | 2:22:00 | |
This webinar covers the design components involved in building a data center or cloud fabric using a single, disaggregated deviceâthe way some hyperscale and web scale operators build their networks. |
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Networks, Buffers, and Drops | 1:12:00 | |
Buffering is a confusing and sometimes controversial topic when it comes to networking. In this short presentation, JR Rivers discusses some of the related theory and practicalities, and gives insight into tools that are available to networking specialists. |
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ExpertExpress Case Studies | ||
The ExpertExpress case studies describe network design or deployment problems typically discussed during ExpertExpress sessions. They're based on real-life queries and consulting engagements but never represent an actual customer network. |
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Introduction to Virtualized Networking | 3:31:00 | |
Introductory webinar describing the networking requirements of server virtualization and IaaS cloud services, workload mobility, large-scale virtual networking solutions and multi-tenant isolation. This webinar is the recommended entry-level starting point for networking engineers interested in virtualization and cloud services. |